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Andrea Keller

4D Design

A Design , Arts and Society & Culture podcast

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About the show

4D Design Podcast explores how Architecture + Design can control our perceptions, our behaviors, and our health. Are you interested in how Design works but don't know how where to start? We will explain all of the tricks we learn in architecture school, and how to read and use the visual language of Design. Andrea Keller (AK) has been a licensed architect for more than 20 years and has taught architectural history, theory and design at USC School of Architecture and Otis. She is an expert in Sacred Geometry and is creating new architecture based on the geometry of music. She believes that everyone should be able to use design in order to be healthier, stronger and more successful. Episodes include Architectural Explainers, Case Studies, History, Theory, and Q&As with AK.

Newest episodes

S2 EP 6: Buildings Have Skin, Too! - Thresholds and Skin

23 min

A building is an organism, and it meets our own organism first at the skin. In this episode I start mapping buildings onto the human body, system by system, beginning with skin. Human skin forms from the same embryonic layer as the brain and spinal cord, which makes it a sensing organ wired straight into the nervous system. It reads temperature, pressure, texture, and threat before we ever think about it. A building's skin does the same work. It protects us, regulates temperature, and shapes how we feel before we even walk through the door. I explore thermal mass, shade, and covered entries; why sudden transitions (think the sidewalk into a big-box store) stress the nervous system; and how architecture once honored the threshold through porches, foyers, entry gardens, mudrooms, and ceremonial procession. We also look at the roots of the word threshold, the Latin limen, and the words that grew from it, like subliminal. From there: consent and the building envelope, zones within the home, window seats and secret rooms, and whether a space adds to you, subtracts from you, multiplies you, or divides you. A building's skin isn't just a wall. It's where we meet the world.

S2 EP 5: New Series! Mapping Architecture to the Human Body...Hello, YouTube!

12 min

Welcome to a new season, a new series, and — for the first time — video on YouTube. I'm kicking off a new multi-episode arc where I map every system in a house directly onto your own body: structure onto skeleton, plumbing onto digestion, electrical onto our nervous system, ventilation onto respiration. Every physical system in a building has a physical effect on you — some immediate and neurological (sound, light, color temperature), some slower and chemical (off-gassing, endocrine disruption), some psychological (thresholds, liminal spaces, the basement as subconscious). I also share the personal story behind this work: twenty years as a hospitality designer trained to control mood and emotion through space, followed by an unexpected stretch as a hospital patient — where I saw firsthand how far healthcare design still is from anything resembling healing. That contrast is the origin point for everything this season explores. Next episode: building structure, and what actually holds a house up — mapped onto your own skeletal system.  

S2 EP 4: Death By Drywall

40 min

DEATH BY DRYWALL Season 2, Episode 4 A podcast about architecture, materials, and the buildings we actually live inside.   Episode Summary Drywall is everywhere. It's in almost every wall of every home built in America in the last 60 years. But how did it get there — and is it actually the best we can do? This episode traces the full arc of drywall's history: from the pre-industrial craft of lath and plaster, through the wartime shortcuts that gave rise to gypsum board, to the environmental and health questions we're only now starting to take seriously. We also look at traditional wall systems from Japan — built from bamboo, rope, earthen plaster, and lime — that outperform modern drywall on almost every meaningful measure. And we close with a bigger question: why do we accept a lower standard of quality in our walls than we do in almost every other part of our lives?     What We Cover •       The ancient techniques drywall replaced and why they were better in many ways •       Japanese tsuchikabe wall systems: bamboo lattice, rice-straw rope, earthen plaster, and lime finish / walls that breathe, flex, and last centuries •       Augustine Sackett's 1894 invention and how U.S. Gypsum turned it into the default building material •       The four forces that drove drywall adoption: wartime labor shortages, mass housing demand, industrial standardization, and fire-resistance marketing •       What drywall is actually made of:  calcined gypsum, paper facing, starch binders, foaming agents, biocides, and chemical modifiers •       Why drywall fails: moisture absorption, mold, fragility, poor acoustics, and limited lifespan •       The environmental profile of gypsum board production: energy use, landfill waste, and hydrogen sulfide off-gassing •       Alternatives gaining traction: rammed earth, compressed earth block, lime plaster, hemp-lime, and wood fiber panels •       The quality question: why we demand quality in food, clothes, and cars  BUT NOT...

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All episodes

S2 EP 6: Buildings Have Skin, Too! - Thresholds and Skin

23 min

A building is an organism, and it meets our own organism first at the skin. In this episode I start mapping buildings onto the human body, system by system, beginning with skin. Human skin forms from the same embryonic layer as the brain and spinal cord, which makes it a sensing organ wired straight into the nervous system. It reads temperature, pressure, texture, and threat before we ever think about it. A building's skin does the same work. It protects us, regulates temperature, and shapes how we feel before we even walk through the door. I explore thermal mass, shade, and covered entries; why sudden transitions (think the sidewalk into a big-box store) stress the nervous system; and how architecture once honored the threshold through porches, foyers, entry gardens, mudrooms, and ceremonial procession. We also look at the roots of the word threshold, the Latin limen, and the words that grew from it, like subliminal. From there: consent and the building envelope, zones within the home, window seats and secret rooms, and whether a space adds to you, subtracts from you, multiplies you, or divides you. A building's skin isn't just a wall. It's where we meet the world.

S2 EP 5: New Series! Mapping Architecture to the Human Body...Hello, YouTube!

12 min

Welcome to a new season, a new series, and — for the first time — video on YouTube. I'm kicking off a new multi-episode arc where I map every system in a house directly onto your own body: structure onto skeleton, plumbing onto digestion, electrical onto our nervous system, ventilation onto respiration. Every physical system in a building has a physical effect on you — some immediate and neurological (sound, light, color temperature), some slower and chemical (off-gassing, endocrine disruption), some psychological (thresholds, liminal spaces, the basement as subconscious). I also share the personal story behind this work: twenty years as a hospitality designer trained to control mood and emotion through space, followed by an unexpected stretch as a hospital patient — where I saw firsthand how far healthcare design still is from anything resembling healing. That contrast is the origin point for everything this season explores. Next episode: building structure, and what actually holds a house up — mapped onto your own skeletal system.  

S2 EP 4: Death By Drywall

40 min

DEATH BY DRYWALL Season 2, Episode 4 A podcast about architecture, materials, and the buildings we actually live inside.   Episode Summary Drywall is everywhere. It's in almost every wall of every home built in America in the last 60 years. But how did it get there — and is it actually the best we can do? This episode traces the full arc of drywall's history: from the pre-industrial craft of lath and plaster, through the wartime shortcuts that gave rise to gypsum board, to the environmental and health questions we're only now starting to take seriously. We also look at traditional wall systems from Japan — built from bamboo, rope, earthen plaster, and lime — that outperform modern drywall on almost every meaningful measure. And we close with a bigger question: why do we accept a lower standard of quality in our walls than we do in almost every other part of our lives?     What We Cover •       The ancient techniques drywall replaced and why they were better in many ways •       Japanese tsuchikabe wall systems: bamboo lattice, rice-straw rope, earthen plaster, and lime finish / walls that breathe, flex, and last centuries •       Augustine Sackett's 1894 invention and how U.S. Gypsum turned it into the default building material •       The four forces that drove drywall adoption: wartime labor shortages, mass housing demand, industrial standardization, and fire-resistance marketing •       What drywall is actually made of:  calcined gypsum, paper facing, starch binders, foaming agents, biocides, and chemical modifiers •       Why drywall fails: moisture absorption, mold, fragility, poor acoustics, and limited lifespan •       The environmental profile of gypsum board production: energy use, landfill waste, and hydrogen sulfide off-gassing •       Alternatives gaining traction: rammed earth, compressed earth block, lime plaster, hemp-lime, and wood fiber panels •       The quality question: why we demand quality in food, clothes, and cars  BUT NOT...

S2 EP 3: MOLD - Building Biology + How We Build: Building Codes, What Went Wrong, and How To Fix! Building for a Healthy Life

21 min

Today we dive into the world of how we build and why.  And why are we all getting so sick? It's time to look at our building envelope the same way we look at food labels - we are being poisoned while we work and sleep. This is a re-presentation of a talk given at CIRSx in Phoenix / Tempe in June 2025. Original Slides Here: https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/j7zhgh0q4ctkkwormt3mf/CIRSX_Magis.pdf?rlkey=kfdoki5xbu8gga5g8gyjwjaok&dl=0  

S2 EP 2: The Future is Fractal - Neurobiology and the Future of Design

35 min

Powerpoint Lecture - The Future is Fractal (SLIDES) https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/6r0gh59jfcxpwah7njmyv/CEU1_THE-FUTURE-IS-FRACTAL_Star-Tile-ICFF.pdf?rlkey=4t74xey38eu1nzh3c7ep6p7hy&st=a5nzagd0&dl=0   https://www.interaliamag.org/articles/fractal-patterns-in-nature-and-art-are-aesthetically-pleasing-and-stress-reducing/ https://www.unmpress.com/9780826352026/fractal-architecture/ African Fractals https://www.rutgersuniversitypress.org/african-fractals/9780813526140/ Gothic Fractals https://churchheritage.eu/science/why-gothic-cathedrals-are-so-fascinating-is-all-about-math/ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00004-014-0187-7   Frank Lloyd Wright and Fractals http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/EMIS/journals/NNJ/98/Eaton.html Gaudi and Fractals https://parametric-architecture.com/gaudi-architecture-science/?srsltid=AfmBOooFTADY9NfoTl9u6D50WYu-7lSlXkY3eFczMcTGHdojT5TqSfke 13:9 Group - Modern Fractal Designs https://www.13and9design.com/design/fractal-fluency-collection/ 13&9 Design https://www.13and9design.com › design › fractal-library Dr. Richard Taylor - The Physics of Fractals https://authenticationinart.org/pdf/literature/Taylor-Richard-A-fascination-with-fractals-In-Physicsworld-September-2013.pdf https://blogs.uoregon.edu/richardtaylor/ Science In Design - Certification Course https://scienceindesign.com/ Bob Browning / Terrapin  https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/14-Patterns-of-Biophilic-Design-Terrapin-2014p.pdf   https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/report/biophilic-design/     AK links: Four D Design - Organic Architecture www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Fractal Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh   Contact: ak@fourddesign.com      

S2 EP 1: Ornament, Meaning and Modernism

40 min

  EPISODE 25 - ORNAMENT Ornament has always had an important meta function within the human psyche. It has been "outlawed" for the past 100 years.   RESOURCE LINKS https://www.gadarchitecture.com/en/ornament-in-architecture https://www.artforum.com/features/louis-sullivans-ornament-209337/ https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1354067x13515937?journalCode=capa https://medium.com/the-thinking-of-design/ornament-as-an-abstraction-of-society-853bb29cdf08 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PmydPmwrKA https://dreamswork.co.uk/portfolio/how-ornament-is-functional/ https://designmanifestos.org/adolf-loos-ornament-and-crime/   AK links: Four D Design - Organic Architecture, Geometry of Nature www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Multidimensional Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh   Contact: ak@fourddesign.com     WHY DO WE USE ORNAMENT? - SIGNIFIER Social signaling - and this changes over time!  Example tattoos - British nobility 1900-1920 Historically it was the demarcation of class and status - governments had rules about what colors and types of clothing could be worn, so that people could never be socially mobile- Ornament on clothing has always been important for the military and in battle, people wore family crests / telling others who they were The same went for houses - all ornament had meaning that could be learned (this is western) Heraldry   WHY DO WE USE ORNAMENT? - SOCIAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL Belonging is so important that people will go into debt to buy clothing that lets them fit into a social group, or a car, or jewelry etc - people are wildly craving belonging, and ornament is a way to show your tribe.   OTHER REASONS: Repetition causes peace - relaxation of the nervous system By creating the ornament, the maker can embody the energy of the thing that might be feared  Establish historic continuity - memory, legacy. Spiritual Side of Ornament - Adornment, Defense, Totems, E...

Ep 24: How to Buy Paint

40 min

EPISODE 24 - HOW TO BUY PAINT   Take ALL the Paint Chips!  Do not be shy - take them all and I mean all of them Paint Decks - Good option if you're serious about color   Paint Brands - what is available in your area?   https://www.lifestoryresearch.com/2024-best-paint-ranking-review   Sheen - This is a huge decision.  When in doubt choose Matte https://www.houselogic.com/remodel/painting-lighting/paint-sheen-guide/   SAMPLES - Actual Paint and Stickers / Visualization https://samplize.com https://store.benjaminmoore.com/storefront/us/en/color-samples/samplize/peel-and-stick-paint-sample Refinement -   YOU HAVE TO DO THIS / DON'T GO FAST Stomach vs mind - immediate decisions vs emotional / somatic decisions     AK links: Four D Design - Holistic Design www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Multidimensional Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh        

Ep 23: All About Paint

24 min

An assortment of resources / stories about Paint.   https://www.earthdate.org/episodes/the-colorful-history-of-paint History of Pigments - they all have a specific time period Can look at the history of art through pigments   Basically people always paint if they can!   https://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/intro/history.html#google_vignette   Things not always good for you! (or even will kill you or destroy your internal organs: Lead White https://zotapro.com/blog/lead-paint-history/ https://www.paint.org/about/industry/history/   Pigments are Organic or Inorganic - and now we have Synthetics.  https://burnaway.org/magazine/a-history-of-paint-part-one/   https://www.greenbuildermedia.com/blog/a-deep-dive-into-non-toxic-paints-and-vocs   https://www.roepaint.com/everything-need-know-alkyd-paint/ https://www.greenmatch.co.uk/blog/is-paint-bad-for-the-environment   https://www.earthpigments.com/natural-earth-ocher-pigments/?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw_ZC2BhAQEiwAXSgClnbwPlFU_PivAwZXUEDpoKvJxwIMjW9w6zgntUXe2LKt-iLlpmfBNxoCgsQQAvD_BwE   AK links: Four D Design - Holistic Design www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Multidimensional Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh   Email Me: ak@fourddesign.com  

Ep 22: Understanding Color Part 1 - Pro Tips for Choosing Colors

31 min

Choosing color shouldn't cause a panic - it can be a fun adventure, and it just requires meticulous attention to bring any beautiful color range into your design.  Today's episode gives you professional advice for choosing colors and constructing palettes.  The next 2 episodes will be all about paint and how to work with paint chips! Pro Tips (Summary) 1. Broad Categories - Color is not just one tone - have one part of the palette that is Broad / 3 tones - even better, multiple parts of the palette are 3 tones.   2. Everything has color - even Wood and Metal / have to be carefully considered. https://artbeadscene.blogspot.com/2013/01/the-color-of-metal.html https://novacolorpaint.com/blogs/nova-color/metallic-colors-and-their-shades https://www.minwax.com/en/wood-stain-color-guide/browse-color-stains   3. Choose Colors from photographs - use Technology https://color.adobe.com/create/image https://coolors.co/image-picker   4. How to Structure a Color Palette and Give Proper Weight https://www.homesandgardens.com/interior-design/color-rules https://www.thespruce.com/timeless-color-rule-797859   5. How to Distribute Color in the room / 3x Rule https://wideplankflooring.com/blog/home-decor-in-3s https://www.homesandgardens.com/news/rule-of-three   6. Know your Whites - have a Go To shade - note people have a lot of opinions on this one! https://www.benjaminmoore.com/en-us/color-overview/color-palettes/color-families/white-paint-colors https://www.jennasuedesign.com/the-10-best-white-paint-colors-as-chosen-by-designers/ https://lovegrowswild.com/2023/08/favorite-white-paint-color/   7. Create a Palette and take the colors with You!   AK links: Four D Design - Holistic Design www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Multidimensional Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh   Email Me: ak@fourddesign.com

Ep 21: Why Do We Design Differently for Guests in our Home?! The Good and The Bad -

17 min

Do you ever treat rooms in your house differently because you know that guests will be coming over?  What do you change about the rooms and why? Today's talk is an exploration of the psychology (and physical reality check!) behind designing spaces in our own home for Guests, either real / specific or imagined.      AK links: Four D Design - Holistic Design www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Multidimensional Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh   Email Me: ak@fourddesign.com

Ep 20: Feng Shui

27 min

People often ask about Feng Shui - and though I know a little about it I did a slightly deeper dive this week and am giving my report! It's an ancient system of design which is both practical and mystical, concerned with the flow of energy and balancing elements in all of our spaces for optimum health and success.  Some people think it makes no sense but others see it as a non-negotiable way of life.  Where do you fall?   A few general guidelines, tips and tricks: Note this is a long and complex tradition that takes years or decades to master, this is just an intro for the uninitiated, getting into a bit of the WHY behind various theories of design and building. https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/design/feng-shui-rules-for-calm-space/ https://www.thespruce.com/how-to-feng-shui-your-bedroom-1274334 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10558748/ https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/does-feng-shui-really-work-i-tried-it-to-find-out-240682 https://www.yourchineseastrology.com/feng-shui/direction/ https://www.yourchineseastrology.com/feng-shui/bedroom/bed-placement.htm       AK links: Four D Design - Holistic Design www.fourddesign.com Star Tile - Multidimensional Ceramics www.star-tile.com Star Tile Studio - Joshua Tree, CA https://g.co/kgs/DUMmCLh   Email Me! ak@star-tile.com    

Ep 19: Minimalism

33 min

Today's episode is an introduction to minimalism and the concept of styles being influenced by everything that came before it - that design can be a reaction to the previous generation, and minimalism can be seen as a response to excess consumption or decoration. We'll look at the origins of Minimalism, its current place in popular culture, and see it through different lenses.  Below are a few links / additional resources.    Influences from Japanese tradition[edit] See also: Japanese architecture The idea of simplicity appears in many cultures, especially the Japanese traditional culture of Zen Buddhist philosophy. Japanese manipulate the Zen culture into aesthetic and design elements for their buildings.[30] This idea of architecture has influenced Western society, especially in America since the mid 18th century.[31] Moreover, it inspired the minimalist architecture in the 19th century.[24] Zen concepts of simplicity transmit the ideas of freedom and essence of living.[24] Simplicity is not only aesthetic value, it has a moral perception that looks into the nature of truth and reveals the inner qualities and essence of materials and objects.[32] For example, the sand garden in Ryōan-ji temple demonstrates the concepts of simplicity and the essentiality from the considered setting of a few stones and a huge empty space.[33] Proposed as a tool for Freedom: https://www.theminimalists.com/minimalism/ https://www.breakthetwitch.com/minimalism/ New Yorker article - link below https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/02/03/the-pitfalls-and-the-potential-of-the-new-minimalism IS IT A PHASE THAT WE ALL SHOULD PASS THROUGH? True minimalism, Chayka insists, is "not about consuming the right things or throwing out the wrong; it's about challenging your deepest beliefs in an attempt to engage with things as they are, to not shy away from reality or its lack of answers." I suspect that some recent converts to minimalism have already come to this conclusion. Undern...

Ep 18: Sacred Geometry 101 -The Number 8 and the Octagon

17 min

Here are a few links about the number 8 and its significance / meaning.    https://www.britannica.com/topic/number-symbolism/7 https://eyeofra.blog/2018/12/02/sacred-geometry-numbers-101/   GENERAL THEMES Eternity - perfection / balance Wealth Reaching towards the Divine   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rub_el_Hizb https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_of_Ishtar   Lucky Number 8: The Symbol of Prosperity In Chinese culture, the number 8 is regarded as one of the luckiest numbers. This belief is deeply rooted in linguistic and cultural factors: Pronunciation: The number 8 is pronounced as "ba" in Mandarin, which sounds similar to the word for wealth or prosperity, "发" (fa). This phonetic similarity has led to the strong association of 8 with financial success and good fortune. Cultural Symbolism: The belief in the luckiness of 8 is also tied to historical and cultural significance. In ancient China, the number 8 was associated with the Emperor and the ruling class, making it a symbol of power and authority. Balance and Harmony: In terms of its shape, the number 8 is balanced and symmetrical, representing harmony and balance. This association extends to the idea of a balanced and prosperous life. https://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/lucky-number8.htm https://christbythesea.net/news/the-eighth-day  

Ep 17: Sacred Geometry 101 - The Number 6 + Hexagons

23 min

Both the hexagon and the Merkaba symbolize the number 6. It is the first perfect number, meaning that 6 is both the sum and product of its factors: 1 + 2 + 3 = 6          1 X 2 X 3 = 6 https://www.britannica.com/science/perfect-number The number 6 is the symbol of the Law of Correspondence, i.e. as above so below. In other words, it is the equilibrium between the microcosm and the macrocosm which mirror each other. It also represents the concept of fractals which are repetitive patterns that can be scaled to any size. In the Merkaba, the descending tetrahedron represents Spirit or the divine feminine principle, while the ascending tetrahedron represents matter and the divine masculine principle. It symbolizes the embodiment of the Divine (your light body, your soul) into the organic form. In this state, creation naturally occurs and it becomes easier to connect with higher frequency beings and Source.     https://www.flowerofsound.com/the-hidden-meaning-behind-the-hexagon https://www.aurahealth.io/blog/spiritual-meaning-of-a-hexagon https://www.soul-flower.com/blog/hexagrams-meaning-sacred-geometry   HUICHOL art - the truth of space time https://www.museumofbeadwork.org/blogs/news/teaching-tuesday-huichol-beadwork

Ep 16: Sacred Geometry 101 - The Number 4

17 min

Some further basic reading on the properties of the number 4 and the square.   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ https://geo-numerology.com/the-number-4-numerology-geometry-and-psychology https://www.ganeshaspeaks.com/numerology/life-path-numbers/life-path-number-4/ https://geo-numerology.com/square-symbolism In Buddhism, the square reflects the 4 sacred truths. The square is often associated and depicted with the 4 noble and sacred truths: Dukkha, Samudāya, Nirodha, and Magga. To summarize, these truths are the truth of suffering, the truth of suffering's origin, the truth of the end of suffering, and the path to the end of suffering.[4] The traditional Buddhist mandala also contains 4 squares, representing the gates to the 4 stages of life. In Islam, the square is a symbol of strength and establishment. Geometry is deeply important to the design and symbolism of Muslim art and architecture. The square, alongside with the circle and triangle, is one of the 3 foundational shapes in Islamic art. It emphasizes the power of the mosque, the foundation of the faith, and the strength of the religion's building blocks. https://www.wikihow.com/Symbolism-of-the-Square https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Significance_of_numbers_in_Judaism https://www.gods-abcs.com/numbers-1-to-40-defined Daleth is a door in Hebrew. In biblical numerology, four is the number of the earth, or the material creation of God. On the fourth day of creation the material world was finished (Gen. 1:14-19), thereby allowing God to furnish it with living creatures.

Ep 15: Why do Architects Talk Funny?

27 min

Today's episode looks at the history of the "Architect" in the modern sense and the decisions made along the way that created a divide between the people who use buildings and the people who design them. Architects are notorious for having their own language, with some words that are necessary and some that are not.  This episode takes the entire issue apart piece by piece, and ultimately proposes a way forward. Some further reading (very entertaining!) https://slate.com/culture/2011/02/architecture-speak-an-essay-on-the-ridiculous-way-architects-talk.html   Great interview / rant against Archispeak: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSbYH8AC-Yo   https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/seven-words-architects-should-never-use-william-schmalz-faia-csi-   About Architects being terrible https://archinect.com/forum/thread/150052085/why-are-there-so-many-rude-architects   https://blog.miragestudio7.com/dear-architects-i-am-sick-of-your-shit/1307/      

Ep 14: Using Design to Regulate Your Nervous System

40 min

Design is intimately linked to the workings of your sympathetic and parasympathic nervous system.  I hope for a world in which we all understand how buildings can serve as a powerful tool to help us be the most powerful and healthy versions of ourselves. Even simple steps can have a huge and lasting effect.    Some resources mentioned in the podcast: Color Temperature: https://www.westinghouselighting.com/color-temperature.aspx https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8979406/#:~:text=Our%20main%20results%20were%20as,color%20temperature%20of%203000%20K. https://www.benq.com/en-us/knowledge-center/knowledge/what-is-the-best-led-color-for-reading.html#:~:text=According%20to%20a%20review%20of,3000K%20can%20improve%20sleep%20quality. Color Viewer https://www.benjaminmoore.com/en-us/color-overview/personal-color-viewer  

Ep 13: Design Thinking, Part 2 - Debunking All The Myths

14 min

EVERYONE can learn design thinking.   I know this as a fact, being a professor of design - the steps are simple and it just takes an interest in the field and a willingness to learn.   Classes start soon at 4D Design: In-person workshops in the Joshua Tree area and virtual classes coming soon! www.fourddesign.com/classes  

Ep 12: Design Thinking, Part I - 3 Tips for more Powerful Design Work

26 min

What is design thinking?   Simply put, "design thinking is a methodology that we use to solve complex problems, and it's a way of using systemic reasoning and intuition to explore ideal future states,"  https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-design-thinking   What's important is that IT IS A SYSTEM - meaning simple principles can be learned, and then it's just putting that system to work.  You don't need to understand every outcome. Design thinking is a human-centered approach to creative problem solving that combines what's desirable with what's technologically feasible and in the long term, viable. Stage 1: Empathize—Research Your Users' Needs. Stage 2: Define—State Your Users' Needs and Problems. Stage 3: Ideate—Challenge Assumptions and Create Ideas. Stage 4: Prototype—Start to Create Solutions. Stage 5: Test—Try Your Solutions Out. https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/5-stages-in-the-design-thinking-process https://www.viima.com/blog/how-might-we https://www.ideou.com/blogs/inspiration/what-is-design-thinking https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/what-is-design-thinking    

Ep 11: Cognitive Biases are Bad for Design - How to Identify and Get Rid of Them

28 min

General Info: (Everyone has Cognitive Biases!) https://www.scribbr.com/research-bias/cognitive-bias/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases   LISTS OF COGNITIVE BIASES + LOGICAL FALLACIES: Cognitive Bias Codex https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Cognitive_Bias_Codex_-_180%2B_biases%2C_designed_by_John_Manoogian_III_%28jm3%29.jpg https://www.designhacks.co/ Critical Thinking Cards https://thethinkingshop.org/products/critical-thinking-cards-deck  

Ep 10: Designing for Your Core Values

21 min

I'm inviting you to take a look at your home design through the lens of your core values - to see if you are supported in being exactly who you were born to be. Even small shifts in furniture arrangements, art, space for specific activities can give you the feeling that your home is supporting you AS IT IS MEANT TO DO.  Done properly, our home can be a battery pack that constantly encourages and recharges us.  Time to listen to those inner feelings.   DETERMINING YOUR CORE VALUES If you don't have a list of your core values, there are tons of resources online to look at including lists and quizzes.  Here is a (non-endorsed) list of some sites.   https://medium.com/@scoutcoaching/core-values-what-they-are-why-they-matter-and-how-to-define-yours-93164383eada   https://jamesclear.com/core-values   https://www.mindtools.com/a5eygum/what-are-your-values

Ep 9: How to Draw like a Designer

33 min

The big secret:  you don't need to know how to draw to enter the design world!  Today I'm telling personal stories of not knowing how to draw at all, having no art background, and how I finally found my footing and skills in the world of Architecture.  I also explain what is important in design drawings, and what different types of drawings exist in the world.   Drawing is a truly a skill that can be learned, and there are countless online resources. Here are a few of the many platforms for creating your own floor plans, from free services to paid subscriptions.   https://www.edrawsoft.com/ad/floor-plan-maker-edrawmax.html   These have 3d imaging (for those of you who think better in 3d) https://floorplanner.com/ https://www.livehome3d.com/   Note:  I have not used these platforms so this is not an endorsement, just a reporting of things I found online.   What I use for floor plans: Autodesk Revit 2024 (BIM Modeling) and Chaos Enscape for 3d Rendering. Complex Geometries:  Rhinoceros    

Ep 8: Repetition in Design - It's a Party

26 min

Repetition is one of the most basic design principles, but it's also one of the most versatile.  Repeating elements can make you feel safe, they can firmly establish brand identity, they can be ridiculous and humorous - or they can make you want to join the party! Come see how repetition affects our human minds, which crave a certain degree of conformity but reject it when it's too much.    Some links that explain how this works: https://www.thirdwunder.com/blog/the-importance-of-repetition-in-design/ https://venngage.com/blog/design-principle-repetition/    

Ep 7: Symmetry is the Boss of You

20 min

Symmetry is one of the most common, primal and powerful ordering systems available to us in the world of Design. My intention is to take you through the basic concepts that you would be taught in architecture school, minus the late nights, fluorescent lighting and bad coffee!   It all has its origins in Biology: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_in_biology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilateria   Bilateral Symmetry in Nature https://biologydictionary.net/bilateral-symmetry/   BUT WHAT DOES THIS HAVE TO DO WITH DESIGN?   We recognize symmetry more quickly than any other type of ordering system. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6458647/ which gets into Unconscious Inference https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_perception   TYPES OF SYMMETRY IN ARCHITECTURE https://www.mi.sanu.ac.rs/vismath/kim/index.html https://insights.jonite.com/the-art-of-symmetry-in-architecture   Symmetry and Well-Being (this is a very good article! https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/10/12/249     Symmetry is satisfying - do you look for symmetry in design?   https://slate.com/culture/2008/05/why-is-architectural-symmetry-so-satisfying.html   We need to be aware of symmetry because it's literally controlling our movements sometimes - have you ever aligned yourself with an axis?  Look at camera angles in photos and see the power symmetry has over us.   Symmetry IS us.

Ep 6: More Fibonaccis - The Number 13

17 min

Why are some people afraid of the number 13 and what does it really represent?  This episode is a quick look at superstitions, traditions and various interpretations of this prime + fibonacci number.  It's supposed to be unlucky but is also baked into the graphics for the United States government?  It also corresponds to the moon and the octave in music, Death in the tarot. Let's explore - next week we go back to basic design school :)   

Ep 5: Fibonacci Series + Sacred Geometry of the Number 5

20 min

  Here are a bunch of links about the Fibonacci Series - the amount of information online is close to endless. Some of these are quite basic and some are more advanced.     Enjoy! What are Fibonacci Numbers? https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/fibonacci-sequence.html How to Visualize This https://math.temple.edu/~reich/Fib/fibo.html How the Phi Ratio works in Nature https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/nature-golden-ratio-fibonacci.html Golden Ratio in Architecture https://westburyjoinery.com/blog/golden-ratio-architecture/ https://illustrarch.com/articles/13472-golden-ratio-in-architecture.html AMAZING INFO ON THE FIBONACCI SERIES https://r-knott.surrey.ac.uk/Fibonacci/fibmaths.html   Mathematical Proof - Drawing a Pentagon using the Golden Rectangle https://www.anirdesh.com/math/geometry/pentagon-construction.php https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lL9VN8ELH1M   WE HARDLY KNOW ANYTHING - References The entire rainbow of radiation observable to the human eye only makes up a tiny portion of the electromagnetic spectrum – about 0.0035 percent. This range of wavelengths is known as visible light. https://www.energy.gov/nnsa/articles/visible-light-eye-opening-research-nnsa And we are 99.99% empty space - basically swirling energy balls that stick together. https://www.sciencealert.com/99-9999999-of-your-body-is-empty-space And 95% of the matter in the universe is currently unobservable. https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/big-questions/what-universe-made

Ep 4: What is "Style" in Design?

25 min

What is a style?  How are they made and how do they evolve? We'll take a look at the concept of style through the lens of architecture, food and fashion, and end with a discussion of sustainability and whether architectural style should be International at all.   Links: https://www.archdaily.com/906063/modernism-the-international-style-that-wasnt https://www.design59furniture.com/blogs/interiordesigntrends/mid-century-modern-design-101-everything-you-need-to-know   List of architectural styles - there are a lot!  Every regional flavor etc.. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_architectural_styles A couple of styles commonly seen https://www.thespruce.com/top-architectural-styles-4802083  

Ep 3: Why Architecture and Music are the Same

22 min

Architecture and Music - two of the most powerful art forms on the planet (and my two favorite!) are linked through their use of elemental proportion systems.   According to Goethe, "Music is liquid architecture and Architecture is frozen music."  We'll explore how both art forms are constructed and touch on the theory and scientific discoveries behind this relationship.   The incredible Brains behind these Theories: Pythagoras https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras Leon Battista Alberti https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti Goethe https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe Palladio's proportions for rooms: https://www.aboutscotland.com/harmony/prop3.html   Simple article about the relationship between Math and Music: https://www.unyp.cz/news/music-and-mathematics-pythagorean-perspective/#:~:text=Pythagoras%20observed%20several%20ratios%20of,fifth%2C%20seven%20semitones%20apart).   Proportions in Architecture: https://www.house-design-coffee.com/proportions.html https://ftanda.co.uk/thoughts/proportions-in-architecture-and-music/  

Ep 2: Design as a Manifestation Tool (and 5 Tips for Starting your Design Journey!)

21 min

Design as a Manifestation Tool   This episode was inspired by the hundreds of people who have said to me that one day they will build their dream home.  One day?  Why not start now with even a tiny little piece of it?  If we can start with creating even one wall of that home now, we can accelerate our journey by embodying that future in our physical environment - which will greatly change how we feel and act.  Design literally IS a physical manifestation of an idea.  Why not use a physical manifestation of our beliefs to move us closer towards our future self? I encourage people to start their design journey as early as possible, because when they are finally ready to build their dream home, the process won't be new - they will already be experts in design.   Design is a wildly powerful tool that is used ON us every day.  What if we use design FOR ourselves?   5 TIPS FOR STARTING YOUR DESIGN JOURNEY: Start Very Small - the tinest of projects are the perfect place to start. Make it Personal - office, bedroom, the most personal space you have - NOT THE LIVING ROOM!   Borrow and Steal!  Pablo Picasso is widely quoted as having said that "good artists borrow, great artists steal."   Expect the design to change over time - this will be a process and allow it to flow as you gain confidence in your aesthetic!  Move things, change the color, embrace the process - PERFECTION IS NOT A THING. When you want to test this on a public-facing design, create your Zoom background.  Log on to a session, tape out the frame that is caused and create a background design only in this area.  What do you want to embody?  Beauty, traditional decor, strength, spirituality?  Search for this decor and borrow it.  You can play with the scale on your computer, tape the correct size on the wall, then make sure the items you are ordering are the correct scale. Want to send in questions?  DM me at @four_d_design on IG or email ak@fourddesign.com  

Ep 1: Why Design Matters

16 min

Did you know that your physical environment actually affects your genes and genetic response?  We have scientific proof that it does, and this has huge implications for the role of design in your home and work environments.  Architecture and Design can and should be seen as healing modalities - a potentially powerful tool in your arsenal. We start with a short story about Charles Darwin (who had no idea what he was discovering / also he was 22 y.o.!) But the information he collected has unlocked more than a century of discovery regarding the environment and how it has the power to physically change us. Let's take this knowledge and put it to work for us.  Following episodes will explain how to create aligned design at your home and work using color, light, geometry and 3 dimensional form.   Links: Darwin's Finches:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin%27s_finches Encyclopedia of the Environment / Scientific Studies:  https://www.encyclopedie-environnement.org/en/health/epigenetics-how-the-environment-influences-our-genes/ Epigenetics Definition / Explanation from CDC:  https://www.cdc.gov/genomics/disease/epigenetics.htm Effect of External Factors on the Genome / NIH: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4887632/ Dr. Bruce Lipton:  https://www.brucelipton.com/  

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